Aeroplane



Sept 30, 1924. 1,510,317

M. GOLD AEROPLANE Filed No v. 10 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet l WIN/E8858 Matthew002/0? Arron/viva M. GOLD AEROPLANE Sept. 30 1924 1922 4 Sheets-Shet 2Filed Nov. 10

INVENTOR zfilazzkew 002d B mvm WITNESSES A Tron/ms Sept. 30 1924.

M.GOLD

AEROPLANE 4 sheets sheet s ATTORNEYS Filed Noy.-10 1922 Patented Sept.30, 1924.

PATENT OFFICE.

MATTHEW GOLD, 0F BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY.

' AEROPLANE.

Application filed November 10, 1922. Serial No. 300,188.

T 0 all 'wb am it may concern:

Be it known that l. lVIA'r'rHEW GOLD, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Bayonne, in the county of Hudson and State of NewJersey. have invented a new and Improved Aeroplane. of which thefollowing is a full. clear. and exact description.

This invention relates to airships and particularly to an improvedaeroplane and has for an object to provide a construction whereby theaeroplane may rise from the ground in a minimum space.

Another object of the invention is to pro-,

vide an aeroplane with auxiliary lifting means which will permit thesame to rise vertically from the ground or at a very steep angle.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an aeroplanewhere-in the wings or planes are pivotally mounted so that when risingthe resistance will be at a minimum.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 is a side view of an aeroplanedisclosing an embodiment of the invention, the same being shown as itappears-when rising vertically.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the plane shown in Figure 1 when the sameis in flight.

Figure 3 is a front view of'the structure shown in Figure 1. i

Figure 4 is a sectional view through Figure 2' approximately on line4-4.

Referring to the accompanying drawings by numeral, 11 indicates thefuselage which may be of any desired or preferred type and provided withsuitable rudders and elevators as well as with a suitable landing gear.Arranged at the front of the fuselage is the usual propeller 12 adaptedto operate in the usual manner. '13 and 14 indicate the planes or wingswhich are of the usual construction and provided with the usual aileronsand other associated parts which'form no part of the present invention.The idea is to provide a pair of wings 13 and 14 of any desiredconstruction and to pivotally mount the beam 15 in suitable hearings inthe fuselage 11 so that the wings may be swung from the position shownin Figure 1 to the position shown in Figure 3 and in dotted lines in Fire 1.

hen the aeroplane is moving vertically as shown in Figure 1,'theposition of the wings inclined downwardly reduces the resistance to theelevation of the aeroplane but as soon as the aeroplane has reached adesired elevation and the propeller 12 started to cause the airship tomove forward, the pressure on the under surface of the wings willquickly move the same upwardly until part of the rear edge. will snapover the hook 16 which is held in a given position by a spring 17 and astop 18. A stop 19 acts against the wing to prevent it from movingupwardly too far while the hook 16 will snap beneath part of the wingand prevent itsdownward movement in case it should have any tendency toswing downwardly during flight. After landing, the hook 16 must bemanually disengaged in order to allow the wings to move downwardly. Ifthis is not done the vertical acting propellers 20 and 21 cannot producethe same desirable lifting efi'ect though the aeroplane could belaunched by a. vertical movement in the usual manner of launchingaeroplanes. A pair of pins or projections 26 and 27 are-secured to eachwing near the fuselage and project into the respective guides 28 and 29,which guides are channel iron devices secured to the fuselage, guide 28having a bottom or end member 30 for limiting the downward movement ofthe respective wings. A plurality of links 31 are secured to therespective wings 13 and 14 and said links in turn are secured to smallplanes or wings 32 and 33 arranged below the wings or planes 13 and 14and assist in lifting and stabilizing the aeroplane.

In order that the aeroplane may move vertically upwardly. the propellers20 and 21 are operated while the propeller 12 remains stationary. Ifthere 1s a small space Wherebythe aeroplane may move forwardly at thesame time that it rises, the respective propellers 20 and 21 may operateat the same time as the propeller 12 so that there will bean upward andforward movement simultaneously. When the propellers'2O and 21 alone arebeing used, the clutch 34 is in operative position so as to connect theengine 35 which is of the ordinary type with the drivin gear 36. A pairof pimons 37 and 38mes with this gear, said pinions operating therespective shafts 39 and 40. These shafts are arranged in tubularmembers 41 and 42 whichare connected in any desired manner with thehorizontal members 43 on whichtherespective propellers 20 and 21 aremounted. A bevel gear 44 is connected to the shafts 39 and 40 and saidbevel gears in turn mesh with the bevel gears and 46 secured to therespective propellers 20 and 21. A link 47 is connected with the clutch34 and said link in turn is actuated by the hand lever 48 whereby theengine 35 may be connected to the propellers 20 and 21 at any time bythe operator. The clutch 34 has been shown as a )ositive clutch but ifdesired it could be a friction clutch or in fact any kind of a clutch.Arranged at the front of the engine 35 is another clutch 49 which isshown as a friction clutch and which is operated by the aviator throughthe lever 50 and the link 51. After the aeroplane has moved upvertically the desired distance. the aviator shifts the lever 50 andthrows the clutch 49 gradually into operative position so that thepropeller 12 will gradually speed up and, consequently, there will be adouble load on the engine 35, namely, the load produced by the propeller12 and that produced by the propellers 20 and 21. f

As soon as the aeroplane has attained a certain forward speed, the lever41 is actuated for throwing out the clutch 34 whereupon all of the poweris automatically transmitted to the propeller 12 and the respectivelifting propellers 20 and 21 are entirely disconnected. When this occursthe aeroplane is acting in the usual manner of aeroplanes now in commonuse.

If desired, an attachment may be provided for the respective wings toassist in landing. This attachment consists of auxiliary planes 13' and14 mounted on top of the respective planes 13 and 14 and slidinglypositioned in the respective guides 52. These guides are rigidly securedto the upper part of the respective wings 13 and 14 and guide theauxiliary planes in a back and forth movement, said auxiliary planeshaving rearwardly extending projections 53 whereby the principal part ofthe auxiliary planes may be projected forwardly beyond the front edge ofthe wings 13 and 14 to roduce a large supporting surface and there ypermit the aeroplane to land at a very slow speed. In ordinaryoperation, the auxiliary planes 13 and 14 are left in place on top ofthe planes 13 and 14 but when they are to be used they are movedforwardly through the action of one or Iniore racks 54 for eachauxiliary plane, said racks meshing with the pinions 55 actuated by therod 56, which rod is rigidly secured to the pinion 22 meshing with thepinion 23. The pinion 23 is rotated by the shaft 24 operated by thecrank 25, which crank is ositioned near the aviators seat. It will notedfrom Figure 2 that the rod 56 extends through the fuselage and to thetips of each of the wings so that one bevel gear 22 Will be sufficientto operate both of the pinions 55 and racks 54. The detall constructionof the wings and fuselage form no part of the present invention butmerely the way they are mounted and swing as described. The beam 15 mayextend from one'tip of one wing to the tip of the opposite wing andthrough the fuselage in the usual manner or maybe merely journaled inthe fuselage in some desired way which will allow theswinging actionheretofore set forth. In respect to the various wings, it will be notedthat there is provided an aileron 57 mounted adjacent each end ofthetransverse brace 43, said aileron being of any desired constructionand operated by suitable wires or cords 58 guided in any desired mannerto a position adjacent the seat of the aviator. It is also evident thatother forms of aileron might be used without departing from the spiritof the invention.

What I claim. is:

1. In an aeroplane of the character described, a fuselage, lifting meansfor moving the fuselage vertically, propelling means for moving thefuselage horizontally, a pair of wings pivoted adjacent their frontedges to the fuselage and adapted to have their rear edges pointingdownwardl as the aeroplane is being moved vertically, and means forautomatically locking said wings in a substantially horizontal positionby atmospheric pressure after the fuselage has been moved horizontally agiven distance.

2. In an aeroplane of the character described, a fuselage, a pair oflifting propellers, a driving propeller, means for operating all of saidpropellers, means for turning on and off the power means in respect tothe lifting propellers and the driving propeller, a pair of liftingplanes, means for pivotally mounting said lifting planes on to saidfuselage near one edge of the lifting planes. and a stop for each ofsaid lifting planes and a catch for locking the lifting planes at ainstsaid stops, said planes being operated y atmospheric pressure toautomatically swing about their pivot into locking engagement with saidcatch upon horizontal movement of the aeroplane.

3. In an aeroplane of the character described, a fuselage, a pair ofwings pivotally connected to the fuselage, a pair of pins ex-' tendingfrom each of the wings, a guide coacting with said pins for guiding thewings as they swing, and means for locking said wings normally againstswinging action, said locking means comprising spring actuated catchesmounted on the fuselage in the path of the rear edges of the planes, anda stop adapted to limit the movement of the planes adjacent saidcatches.

4. In an aeroplane of the character described, a fuselage, propellingand steering means, a pair of sustaining planes connected with thefuselage, a pair of guides mounted on top of each of said sustainingplanes, an auxlllary sustaining plane arranged in 5 project beyond thefront edge of the first mentioned planes, said projections fittinginto'sai d guides and thereby permitting a maximum movement of'theauxiliary planes.

5. In an aeroplane of the character de- 1 0 scribed, a fuselage, a pairof lifting propellers, a driving propeller,- a power mem- /ber, meansfor connectlng the respective lifting and driving propellers independentto the power member, a pair of sustainlng planes 15 pivotally mounted onthe fuselage adapted to be swunginto a substantially Vertical positionwhen the lifting propellers are in operation arid to be swung into asubstantially horizontal position by atmospheric pressure when thedriving propeller is in operation, means'on said fuselage forautomatically locking said planes in horizontal position,'a pair ofbalancing Wings connected to said first mentioned planes for movementtherewith, a pair of guides mounted on the top of each of saidsustaining planes, an auxiliary plane for each of said sustaining planesmounted on top thereof, and manually actuated means for moving saidauxiliary planes to project beyond the first mentioned planes 'andthereby increase the Wing surface of said aeroplane.

QMA-TTHEW GOLD.-

